Typhus Update

January 2012 Report

As of January 11, 2012, 52 total cases have been reported in 2011 in Travis County. Typhus cases seem to be clustering in Central and North Central Travis County. Cases seem to be reported most frequently from May through September. However, the Austin/Travis County Health and Human Services Department receives reports throughout the year and throughout Travis County. The Department continues to monitor all reports of Typhus.

Note:  All 2011 data is preliminary and is subject to change until it is finalized in March 2012.

What is Typhus?

Murine typhus, also called fleaborne or endemic typhus, is caused by bacteria from a mosquito, tick or flea. It is not spread from person to person; it is spread from an infected flea. Typhus enters the body through the bite wound or from a person scratching the bite area. Fleas are infected from contact with infected animals. Animals that can transmit the disease to fleas are: rats, domestic cats, opossums, raccoons, other small mammals.

The incubation period for murine typhus is 6 to 14 days. Symptoms of the disease include headache, fever, nausea, and body aches, and possibly a rash that starts on the trunk of your body and spreads to your arms and legs. If left untreated, the disease may last for several months. If you suspect that you have murine typhus, see a doctor as soon as possible. If you wait too long to see a doctor, you may have to be hospitalized. Murine typhus is easily treated with certain antibiotics. Once you recover, you will not get it again.

What to Do

• Control flea infestation.
• Eliminate food sources and other areas that may harbor wild animals.
• Take personal precautions. Limit your exposure by avoiding areas that may be infested with fleas.

For More Information

• Austin/Travis County Rodent and Vector Information at 512-978-0370
• Typhus Information from the Texas Department of State Health Services
• Controlling Rats and Mice from the Texas Cooperative Extension Service
• Rodent Information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention